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hidden garden

submission for archistorming's ethiopian satellite preschools in hiddi and dillu  

in collaboration with barbara materia and francesco marullo 

text by francesco marullo

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 The school gravitates around a hidden garden that gives access to the four classrooms and the essential daily facilities (kitchen and restrooms), acting as a filter from the noisiest and most exposed activities occurring all around. Such an introverted and well-integrated nucleus constitutes the core configuration of the school, allowing for the progressive occupancy planned for the first years of development. Adopting the modular functionality of the concrete frame with infill concrete bricks used by Abay Ethiopia, the structure offers many possibilities to rearrange uses and internal spaces (the general structural bay is 5.6 m x 5.6m, and 7.5m x 5.6 m for the classrooms). The four classrooms can either accommodate the single teaching activities or be joined together by opening the adjustable and foldable wooden panels for hosting large gatherings. The annexed multipurpose room is isolated yet connected to the four classrooms, serving as a covered courtyard in the first phase and as a lecture room with an administration office in the second phase. Whereas learning and teaching activities occur in the rooms around the garden, playing demands fewer constraints and wider covered spaces to facilitate the social interaction among the children and between the school and the community. Thus, the school can rapidly expand beyond its introverted nucleus into an ample light canopy, whose triangular form — chosen to improve the connections of the new preschool to the two existing sites — can be easily rearranged, grouped, or partitioned according to future necessities. The canopy offers a stage for activities of all sorts, including a circular open-air playground and a place for collective dining. The area can be entirely closed or opened thanks to its porous perimetral enclosure, offering various degrees of accessibility. 

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 The whole school is raised from the ground and covered by a corrugated metal roof supported by a lattice structure of reinforcing steel bars positioned above the concrete frame. The circulating air between the metal roof and the rooms’ ceiling ensures internal ventilation (stack-effect passive system), reduces overheating in the classrooms, creates a cooling shadow, and protects from pelting rain with its projecting edges. All doors, windows, inner partitions, and the external enclosure of the canopy are realized in wooden panels with operable lamellas that keep the air circulating from below to the top. Rows of steel bars hold the clay tiles of the classrooms’ inner ceilings. Four water tanks are distributed in the kitchen and latrines’ storage to harvest the rainwater collected in the garden during the rainy season destined for daily activities (latrines, lavatories, kitchen) or irrigation. Moreover, 28 photo-voltaic panels (1m x 1.7m for 240Kw min per unit) are installed over the latrines to generate a minimum amount of energy to charge removable battery units. 

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